Naphtha
HS Code: 270750
Naphtha refers to a group of liquid hydrocarbon compounds that are highly volatile and flammable. It is a general term used for compounds that, in crude oil distillation processes, are collected between the gas cuts and kerosene fractions. These compounds account for approximately 11% of crude oil.
Naphtha 58-60
Naphtha is a versatile, flammable liquid hydrocarbon mixture derived from petroleum. It's primarily used as a feedstock in the petrochemical industry to produce essential chemicals like ethylene and propylene, which are the building blocks for plastics and other synthetic materials.
Key Points:
- Composition: Naphtha is a mixture of hydrocarbons, primarily aliphatic and aromatic compounds.
- Applications:
- Petrochemical Industry: Feedstock for producing ethylene, propylene, and butadiene.
- Chemical Industry: Used in synthesizing adhesives, resins, and solvents.
- Energy Industry: Fuel for power plants and industrial burners.
- Pharmaceutical Industry: Used in the synthesis of medications.
- Safety Concerns: Naphtha is highly flammable and can be harmful if inhaled or ingested. Proper handling and storage are crucial to prevent accidents.
- Production: Naphtha is produced through the distillation of crude oil, coal tar, or shale oil.
Paraffin
HS Code: 271220
Liquid paraffin is essentially a by-product of petroleum refining and consists of a mixture of different hydrocarbons. It has a thick, viscous consistency, a density lower than water, and is insoluble in water and alcohol, but soluble in chloroform, benzene, and other non-polar solvents.
Liquid paraffin has a wide range of uses. In the medical field, it is commonly used as a laxative and for skin treatments. In industry, it serves as a hydraulic fluid, is employed in textile manufacturing, and is used as a lubricant in various types of machinery. Cosmetically, it is a frequent ingredient in creams, lotions, and ointments due to its moisturizing properties.
Polyethylene Glycol 400
HS Code: 39072090
Polyethylene glycols (PEGs) are condensation polymers of ethylene oxide and water, with the general formula H(OCH₂CH₂)ₙOH. They are the most commercially important type of polyether. Low molecular weight PEGs (up to 700) are colorless, odorless, viscous liquids with freezing points as low as -10°C (for diethylene glycol). In contrast, PEGs with a molecular weight greater than 1,000 are wax-like solids, with melting points up to 67°C for n = 180.
PEGs of different molecular weights have varying physical properties (e.g., viscosity) due to differences in chain length, but their chemical properties are nearly identical across the range.
Process Optimization and Productivity Enhancement
Soda Ash
HS Code: 28362000
Soda ash, also known as sodium carbonate, is one of the most important and widely used chemicals in industry, with a variety of applications. The primary use of soda ash is in the glass industry. It appears as a solid, white powder that is odorless and absorbs moisture. Soda ash is also widely used in the detergent and disinfectant industries to protect against various fungi and viruses.
Types of Soda Ash
Soda Ash Dense:
This type of soda ash is commonly used in the glass industry, chemical manufacturing, water purification, soap production, and paper-making. Dense soda ash is primarily used in solid form.
Soda Ash Light:
This type contains about 0.5% sodium chloride and is used as a pH regulator in the chemical industry. The key difference between dense and light soda ash is their density and their respective uses. Otherwise, their chemical composition is similar.
Sodium Hydroxide or CAUSTIC SODA
HS Code: 281512
Sodium hydroxide, also known as caustic soda, is a white solid substance with the chemical formula NaOH. It is produced through the electrolysis of sodium chloride solution in electrolytic cells. The purity of this product is at least 98.5%. Caustic soda is widely used in various industrial applications, including food and dairy processing, edible oil refining, metal industries (particularly aluminum and zinc), glass manufacturing, paper bleaching, leather and textile production, and the pharmaceutical industry.
Sodium methoxide powder
HS Code:Â 29420090
Sodium methoxide is a white amorphous powder with a hexagonal structure, formed through the degaussing of methanol. It belongs to the category of organic bases in chemistry and is widely used as a reagent in both industry and laboratories. This compound is also known by other names, including sodium methylate, sodium methanol, or sodium salt in commercial markets. Sodium methoxide is flammable and ignites at temperatures exceeding 50°C.
